Yeah, Isotretinoin (Accutane) is the last-line of treatment for acne in most cases. The treatment algorithm is:
OTC stuff - acetylsalicylic acid 2% (stuff like Oxy, Clearasil, etc) twice a day, or benzoyl peroxide 5% twice a day. Benzoyl peroxide is by far the best over-the-counter option for acne.
If nothing OTC helps that's when you should go in to see a doctor and they'll prescribe a facial medication. There are a lot of options out there and different doctors have different favourites. There are combination antibiotics with benzoyl peroxide in them and combination antibiotics with tretinoin - what works for one person may not work for another, so generally it's just going to be trial and error. Nothing works over night, and in fact it'll take somewhere between 4-6 weeks to see effect. Anything with a vitamin A derivative in it (tretinoin or isotretinoin) will actually worsen your acne at first before it gets better. That's really important to be aware of. These also tend to dry out your skin and many burn upon application. The burning will subside over time as your skin gets used to the formulation. Of course, if your skin is very sensitive there are non-alcohol containing medications which won't burn as much, but with the downside being that the antibiotic won't be absorbed as much. So yeah, generally you should be on the prescription cream/lotion for at least 1 or 2 months before you can determine whether it's working for you.
If you find it doesn't help that much, go back to see your doctor and they may switch you to another topical preparation, OR move on to an oral antibiotic such as minocycline. These are more effective, but come with more side effects such as nausea and dizziness, and potential for GI upset. Once again it'll take 4-6 weeks to see an effect.
FINALLY, if the oral antibiotic doesn't work either, that's when the doctor will move on to using isotretinoin (Accutane). (If your acne is classified to being severe, nodular, or recalcitrant then you can start therapy with it instead of going through the other options first). It is by far the most effective acne medication out there. It tackles a variety of processes in the pathophysiology of acne instead of just one or two like the other medications do. However, there are a lot of side effects with it. Being a vitamin A derivative it will cause dry skin, sun sensitivity, birth defects should a women become pregnant on it. Here's a brief list of the percentages of patients experiencing side effects with it from its product monograph: (stuff in brackets is my definition in case you're not familiar with medical terminology).
The most common side effects are mucocutaneous or dermatologic. The common side effects include: cheilitis (96%) [swelling of the lips], facial erythema/dermatitis (55%) [red, inflamed skin], dry nose (51%), desquamation (50%) [shedding of the outer layers of the skin], pruritus (30%) [itchiness], dry skin (22%), conjunctivitis (19%) [red eye], alopecia (13%) [hair loss], irritation of the eyes (11%), rash (<10%). Dryness of the nasal mucosa and pharynx may be associated with mild epistaxis [nose bleeds] and hoarseness, respectively. Mild to moderate conjunctivitis may be alleviated by use of an ophthalmic ointment. In rare cases, hair loss persisted after treatment was completed.
Approximately 13% of patients experience joint pain during treatment.
Peeling of palms and soles, skin infections, increased susceptibility to sunburn, nonspecific urogenital symptoms, nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms, headache, fatigue occured in approximately 5% of patients.
Yeah, there are a lot of potential side effects, but since the drug works wonders for a lot of people due to its effectiveness it's still around and will be for a long time to come. If you do go on it you'll need to have regular blood tests as it can affect your liver function. Most doctors will require you to have a monthly test before you can get your refill for the next 30 days.
Umm, I don't know what else to say. If you do have any particular questions about any medication or acne itself, feel free to ask... that's part of my job.
OH, I think somebody asked about diet and acne. As far as I'm aware, the evidence does not support the notion that food worsens acne. Diet may have an influence in certain individuals, in which case dietary modification can be attempted, but for the most part according to the trials diet doesn't play a major role. (Not even surface dirt either. Acne problems come from the root of hair follicles, which facial dirt cannot even get to or obstruct so it doesn't really matter. Of course, good facial hygiene shouldn't be neglected, but it's not going to help much. In fact, overusing soaps can irritate the skin and worsen acne.)